Longitudinal structure optimization for a high density electromagnetic calorimeter

¹ Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
² IFIC, CSIC and Universitat de València, C/ Catedràtic José Beltrán Martínez 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
³ Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland

^* e-mail: filip.zarnecki@fuw.edu.pl

Published online: 18 December 2024

Abstract

High density electromagnetic sandwich calorimeters with high readout granularity are considered for many future colliders and fix-target experiments. Optimization of the calorimeter structure from the point of view of the electromagnetic shower energy, position and direction measurement is one of the key aspects of the design. However, mostly uniform sampling structures were considered so far. We developed a semi-analytical approach to study calorimeter performance based on the detailed Geant 4 simulation, which also allows comparing the expected performance for different non-uniform longitudinal readout structures. For multi-objective optimization, a procedure based on the genetic algorithm is complemented with non dominated sorting algorithm. This methodology opens new prospects for a calorimeter design optimization, directly addressing specific measurement scenarios or optimization goals.