Prediction of Steering Angle in Autonomous Vehicles Using Deep Learning Approach

¹ Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Priyadarshini College of Engineering, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
² Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Priyadarshini College of Engineering, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

^* Corresponding author: yogeshkaremore3@gmail.com

Published online: 18 June 2025

Abstract

Autonomous driving systems rely on accurate and real-time control decisions to ensure safe and efficient navigation. Among these, steering angle prediction is a critical task that directly impacts vehicle trajectory. Traditional rule-based systems often fall short in complex or dynamic environments, necessitating robust data-driven solutions. In this study, we implement and evaluate an end-to-end deep learning approach using the NVIDIA Convolutional Neural Network model for predicting steering angles from front-facing camera images. The dataset used includes simulated driving scenarios with corresponding telemetry, and extensive preprocessing steps such as image cropping, normalization, and data augmentation were applied to enhance generalization. The proposed model was benchmarked against EfficientNetB0, MobileNetV2, ResNet50, and a stacked ensemble using SVR. The NVIDIA CNN outperformed all baseline models, achieving a Mean Squared Error of 0.0118, Root Mean Squared Error of 0.1085, and an R² score of 0.7804, indicating high predictive accuracy and stability. These results highlight the model’s suitability for real-time deployment in autonomous systems.