Toward quantitative bremsstrahlung medical imaging by custom gamma camera device

¹ Istituto Nazionale di Metrologia delle Radiazioni Ionizzanti (INMRI), ENEA Casaccia R.C., (Rome), Italy
² Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
³ Technische Universiteit Delft, Delft, The Netherlands
⁴ Nuclear Research Reactors Laboratory, ENEA Casaccia R.C., (Rome), Italy
⁵ STMicroelectronics, Cornaredo, Milan, Italy
⁶ Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Sant’Andrea, UOD Fisica Sanitaria, Rome, Italy
⁷ Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova, Genoa, Italy
⁸ Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Published online: 6 November 2025

Abstract

Bremsstrahlung radiation imaging may play an important role in the quantitative evaluation of the spatial-temporal distribution of the β⁻ radioactive emitters in order to optimize and personalize the methodology and dosage of radiopharmaceuticals in radiometabolic therapy.

The present work is an attempt to investigates quantitative bremsstrahlung imaging aspects, using a configurable phantom based experimental apparatus with corresponding simulated model, to highlight critical issues and pitfalls, and to identify, whenever possible, directions to overcome, mitigate or likely take advantage of some of them. Procedure for precise phantom activity determination by portable counter, Monte Carlo fine tuning, definition of figures of merit for the choice of optimal image reconstruction parameters, and correction factors for the activity estimation are some of the main explored details to end up with a preliminary quantitative imaging obtained by simulation-measurement comparison.