Examining the effect of particle size distribution on dry density of granular materials in laboratory deposition

¹ HBM Research Center and Bánki Donát Faculty of Mechanical and Safety Engineering, Óbuda University, Budapest, Hungary
² Budapest University of Economics and Business, Budapest, Hungary

^* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Published online: 1 December 2025

Abstract

Some earlier minimum dry density results measured in the e_max tests (also known as maximum void ratio tests) with known grain size distributions on fractions of various sand mixtures are analysed in the light of similarity of grading entropy S and minimum dry density S_min of granular material. Laboratory test data indicate that S and S_min exhibit an approximately linear relationship, although that may be slightly influenced by the fraction number M. Similarly, almost linear relationships are established between the corresponding components of S and S_min: Close to linear relationships are found between the base entropy S₀ and the mean fraction density S₀, and between the entropy increment ΔS and the density increment ΔS.