Mechanical Behaviour Optimization of Titanium-Alloy-Reinforced PLA Using Taguchi-Driven FDM Parameter Selection

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nandha Engineering College, Perundurai 638052, Tamil Nadu, India

^* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Published online: 29 May 2026

Abstract

Changes on the fractured surfaces. The results show that it is possible to 3D print using the eco-friendly 25%TAP-PLA, which is a major step toward the sustainability The primary aim of research is to find optimal fused deposition 3D printing settings by taguchi approach such that polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced with 25% titanium alloy powder. The optimization of process parameters and the L16 OA matrix based on Taguchi were both designed and executed using the Minitab program. Nozzle temperature (200°C to 245°C), layer thickness (120 urn to 420 μm), infill density (40-100%), concentric (C)), triangular (T), grid (G), infill patterns, (line (L) and Filament type (25% TAP-PLA) were all part of the experimental design. The test components were made using FDM and their tensile, flexural, and impact properties were evaluated according to ASTM standards (D-638, D-790, and D-256). According to the findings, the mechanical strength was primarily affected by the infill density. The optimal configuration for optimal results included a nozzle temperature of 230°C, a layer thickness of 320 um, an infill density of 100%, and a grid infill pattern. Together, these parameters provide tensile strength (TS) of 51.79 MPa, an impact strength (IS) of 16.98 kJ/m², and flexural strength (FS) of 91.69 MPa. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze morphological goals for 3D printing material utilization.