Design of smart parking system using dual-loop conveyor concept

K J Somaiya School of engineering formerly known as K J Somaiya College of engineering, Mumbai, India

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Published online: 1 July 2026

Abstract

Parking in Indian metropolitan cities is becoming a major challenge due to the increasing number of the people with their own vehicles in urban areas. An analysis of literature on automated parking system (APS) studies has identified four significant gaps in the area of the field that remain unaddressed: an overemphasis on software and sensor development studies, no literature on APS designs that do not need deep civil infrastructure, no literature on structural safety verification of. The entry station has a lift platform that transfers vehicles between the two loops. The system has a capacity of thirty cars in six positions per loop circuit, is propelled by a single low power continuous-loop drive motor, has no deep civil foundation and has all the vehicle movement kept close to the ground giving it better safety and also easier to maintain. Structural verification confirms that all load-bearing members including the ISMB 250 I-beam rail and hanger frame sustain a total design load of 34,943 N (with a dynamic amplification factor of 1.25) at a factor of safety ≥ 3.0 and deflection within the L/500 limit. Performance evaluation demonstrates a retrieval time reduction of 58–70% compared to conventional puzzle and tower-type APS. This paper presents the academic and engineering justification of this configuration without making the implementation details secret.