A Numerical Study of the MHD Metal Oxide Trihybrid Nanofluids (CuO−MgO−TiO₂/H₂O) Past a Vertically Radiative Stretching Cylinder in a Porous Medium with Suction, Soret and Dufour Effects

Department of Mathematics, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur (Raj.), India

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Published online: 10 March 2026

Abstract

The present work looks into how heat and concentration layering influence the MHD flow of a ternary hybrid nanofluid over a radiative, stretching vertical cylinder placed in a porous medium. The working fluid is a mixture of water with CuO,MgO,and TiO₂ nanoparticles, chosen for their ability to improve thermal and mass-transfer performance. After applying similarity transformations, the boundary-layer equations are converted into ordinary differential form and solved using MATLAB's bvp4c routine. From the numerical data, several patterns are evident. A higher magnetic field, higher porous resistance, higher Prandtl number, and the presence of Soret, Dufour, suction, and thermal stratification tend to slow down the flow. Conversely, an increase in the curvature of the cylinder, heat generation, radiation, viscous heating, and buoyancy help to accelerate the flow. In general, the temperature declines as curvature, buoyancy, radiation, heat generation, viscous dissipation, stratification, Lewis number, or concentration of nanoparticles increase. In contrast, the temperature tends to increase when magnetic field strength, permeability, and the Prandtl number are strengthened. Concentration decreases with buoyancy, curvature, Lewis number, Dufour effect, or solutal stratification but increases with a magnetic field, permeability, Prandtl number, or thermal stratification. These trends provide insight into the hybrid nanofluid behavior in porous cylindrical systems.