Observation of radio emissions from electron beams using an ice target

¹ Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
² ICRR, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8522, Japan
³ Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
⁴ High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 2-4 Shirakata-Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki, 319-1195 Japan
⁵ Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe 658-8501 Japan
⁶ Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
⁷ Physics And Astronomy, University of Utah, 201 South, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
⁸ Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585 Japan
⁹ Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, IIHE, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussel Belgium

^★ e-mail: mase@hepburn.s.chiba-u.ac.jp

Published online: 24 September 2019

Abstract

To observe high energy cosmogenic neutrinos above 50 PeV, the large neutrino telescope ARA is being built at the South Pole. The ARA telescope detects neutrinos by observing radio signals by the Askaryan effect. We performed an experiment using 40 MeV electron beams of the Telescope Array Electron Light Source to verify the understanding of the Askaryan emission as well as the detector responses used in the ARA experiment. Clear coherent polarized radio signals were observed with and without an ice target. We found that the observed radio signals are consistent with simulation, showing that our understanding of the radio emissions and the detector responses are within the systematic uncertainties of the ARAcalTA experiment which is at the level of 30%.