The Stellar 72Ge(n, γ) Cross Section for weak s-process: A First Measurement at n_TOF

M. Dietz; C. Lederer-Woods; A. Tattersall; U. Battino; F. Gunsing; S. Heinitz; J. Lerendegui-Marco; M. Krtička; R. Reifarth; S. Valenta; O. Aberle; S. Amaducci; J. Andrzejewski; L. Audouin; M. Bacak; J. Balibrea; M. Barbagallo; F. Bečvář; E. Berthoumieux; J. Billowes; D. Bosnar; A. Brown; M. Caamaño; F. Calviño; M. Calviani; D. Cano-Ott; R. Cardella; A. Casanovas; F. Cerutti; Y. H. Chen; E. Chiaveri; N. Colonna; G. Cortés; M. A. Cortés-Giraldo; L. Cosentino; L. A. Damone; M. Diakaki; C. Domingo-Pardo; R. Dressler; E. Dupont; I. Durán; B. Fernández-Domínguez; A. Ferrari; P. Ferreira; P. Finocchiaro; K. Göbel; A. R. García; A. Gawlik-Ramie˛ga; S. Gilardoni; T. Glodariu†; I. F. Gonçalves; E. González-Romero; E. Griesmayer; C. Guerrero; H. Harada; J. Heyse; D. G. Jenkins; E. Jericha; F. Käppeler†; Y. Kadi; D. Kahl; A. Kalamara; P. Kavrigin; A. Kimura; N. Kivel; M. Kokkoris; M. Krtička; D. Kurtulgil; E. Leal-Cidoncha; H. Leeb; S. Lo Meo; S. J. Lonsdale; D. Macina; A. Manna; J. Marganiec; T. Martínez; A. Masi; C. Massimi; P. Mastinu; M. Mastromarco; E. A. Maugeri; A. Mazzone; E. Mendoza; A. Mengoni; P. M. Milazzo; F. Mingrone; A. Musumarra; A. Negret; R. Nolte; A. Oprea; N. Patronis; A. Pavlik; J. Perkowski; I. Porras; J. Praena; J. M. Quesada; D. Radeck; T. Rauscher; C. Rubbia; J. A. Ryan; M. Sabaté-Gilarte; A. Saxena; P. Schillebeeckx; D. Schumann; A. G. Smith; N. V. Sosnin; A. Stamatopoulos; G. Tagliente; J. L. Tain; A. Tarifeño-Saldivia; L. Tassan-Got; G. Vannini; V. Variale; P. Vaz; A. Ventura; V. Vlachoudis; R. Vlastou; A. Wallner; S. Warren; C. Weiss; P. J. Woods; T. Wright; P. Žugec

doi:10.1051/epjconf/202328401017

All issues

Volume 284 (2023)

EPJ Web of Conf., 284 (2023) 01017

Abstract

Open Access

Issue		EPJ Web of Conf. Volume 284, 2023 15^th International Conference on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology (ND2022)


Article Number		01017
Number of page(s)		4
Section		Nuclear Reaction Measurements
DOI		https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202328401017
Published online		26 May 2023

EPJ Web of Conferences 284, 01017 (2023)
https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202328401017

The Stellar ⁷²Ge(n, γ) Cross Section for weak s-process: A First Measurement at n_TOF

M. Dietz¹^,2^*, C. Lederer-Woods¹, A. Tattersall¹, U. Battino¹, F. Gunsing³^,4, S. Heinitz⁵, J. Lerendegui-Marco⁷, M. Krtička⁶^,7, R. Reifarth⁸, S. Valenta⁶, O. Aberle⁴, S. Amaducci⁹^,10, J. Andrzejewski¹¹, L. Audouin¹², M. Bacak¹³^,4^,3, J. Balibrea¹⁴, M. Barbagallo¹⁵, F. Bečvář⁶, E. Berthoumieux³, J. Billowes¹⁶, D. Bosnar¹⁷, A. Brown¹⁸, M. Caamaño¹⁹, F. Calviño²⁰, M. Calviani⁴, D. Cano-Ott¹⁴, R. Cardella⁴, A. Casanovas²⁰, F. Cerutti⁴, Y. H. Chen¹², E. Chiaveri⁴^,16^,7, N. Colonna¹⁵, G. Cortés²⁰, M. A. Cortés-Giraldo⁷, L. Cosentino²¹, L. A. Damone¹⁵^,22, M. Diakaki³, C. Domingo-Pardo²³, R. Dressler⁵, E. Dupont³, I. Durán¹⁹, B. Fernández-Domínguez¹⁹, A. Ferrari⁴, P. Ferreira²⁴, P. Finocchiaro²¹, K. Göbel⁸, A. R. García¹⁴, A. Gawlik-Ramie˛ga¹¹, S. Gilardoni⁴, T. Glodariu†²⁵, I. F. Gonçalves²⁴, E. González-Romero¹⁴, E. Griesmayer¹³, C. Guerrero⁷, H. Harada²⁶, J. Heyse²⁷, D. G. Jenkins¹⁸, E. Jericha¹³, F. Käppeler†²⁸, Y. Kadi⁴, D. Kahl¹, A. Kalamara²⁹, P. Kavrigin¹³, A. Kimura²⁶, N. Kivel⁵, M. Kokkoris²⁹, M. Krtička⁶, D. Kurtulgil⁸, E. Leal-Cidoncha¹⁹, H. Leeb¹³, S. Lo Meo³⁰^,9, S. J. Lonsdale¹, D. Macina⁴, A. Manna⁹^,10, J. Marganiec¹¹^,2, T. Martínez¹⁴, A. Masi⁴, C. Massimi⁹^,10, P. Mastinu³¹, M. Mastromarco¹⁵, E. A. Maugeri⁵, A. Mazzone¹⁵^,32, E. Mendoza¹⁴, A. Mengoni³⁰, P. M. Milazzo³³, F. Mingrone⁴, A. Musumarra²¹^,34, A. Negret²⁵, R. Nolte², A. Oprea²⁵, N. Patronis³⁵, A. Pavlik³⁶, J. Perkowski¹¹, I. Porras³⁷, J. Praena³⁷, J. M. Quesada⁷, D. Radeck², T. Rauscher³⁸^,39, C. Rubbia⁴, J. A. Ryan¹⁶, M. Sabaté-Gilarte⁴^,7, A. Saxena⁴⁰, P. Schillebeeckx²⁷, D. Schumann⁵, A. G. Smith¹⁶, N. V. Sosnin¹⁶, A. Stamatopoulos²⁹, G. Tagliente¹⁵, J. L. Tain²³, A. Tarifeño-Saldivia²⁰, L. Tassan-Got¹², G. Vannini⁹^,10, V. Variale¹⁵, P. Vaz²⁴, A. Ventura⁹, V. Vlachoudis⁴, R. Vlastou²⁹, A. Wallner⁴¹, S. Warren¹⁶, C. Weiss¹³, P. J. Woods¹, T. Wright¹⁶ and P. Žugec¹⁷^,4

¹ School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
² Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
³ CEA Irfu, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
⁴ European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Switzerland
⁵ Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), Villigen, Switzerland
⁶ Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
⁷ Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
⁸ Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
⁹ Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna, Italy
¹⁰ Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Italy
¹¹ University of Lodz, Poland
¹² Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay Cedex, France
¹³ TU Wien, Atominstitut, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Wien, Austria
¹⁴ Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Spain
¹⁵ Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, Italy
¹⁶ University of Manchester, United Kingdom
¹⁷ Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
¹⁸ University of York, United Kingdom
¹⁹ University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
²⁰ Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain
²¹ INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania, Italy
²² Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Bari, Italy
²³ Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC - Universidad de Valencia, Spain
²⁴ Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisbon, Portugal
²⁵ Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Romania
²⁶ Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai-Mura, Japan
²⁷ European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Geel, Belgium
²⁸ Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Campus North, IKP, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
²⁹ National Technical University of Athens, Greece
³⁰ Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie (ENEA), Italy
³¹ INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Italy
³² Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bari, Italy
³³ Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, Italy
³⁴ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Catania, Italy
³⁵ University of Ioannina, Greece
³⁶ University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Vienna, Austria
³⁷ University of Granada, Spain
³⁸ Department of Physics, University of Basel, Switzerland
³⁹ Centre for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
⁴⁰ Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), India
⁴¹ Australian National University, Canberra, Australia

^* e-mail: mirco.dietz@ptb.de

Published online: 26 May 2023

Abstract

The slow neutron capture process (s-process) is responsible for producing about half of the elemental abundances heavier than iron in the universe. Neutron capture cross sections on stable isotopes are a key nuclear physics input for s-process studies. The ⁷²Ge(n, γ) Maxwellian-Averaged Cross Section (MACS) has an important influence on the production of isotopes between Ge and Zr in the weak s-process in massive stars and so far only theoretical estimations are available. An experiment was carried out at the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN to measure the ⁷²Ge(n, γ) reaction for the first time at stellar neutron energies. The capture measurement was performed using an enriched ⁷²GeO₂ sample at a flight path length of 184 m, which provided high neutron energy resolution. The prompt gamma rays produced after neutron capture were detected with a set of liquid scintillation detectors (C₆D₆). The neutron capture yield is derived from the counting spectra taking into account the neutron flux and the gamma-ray detection efficiency using the Pulse Height Weighting Technique. Over 70 new neutron resonances were identified, providing an improved resolved reaction cross section to calculate experimental MACS values for the first time. The experiment, data analysis and the new MACS results will be presented including their impact on stellar nucleosynthesis, which was investigated using the post-processing nucleosynthesis code mppnp for a 25 solar mass model.

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