The measurement of the E2 nuclear resonance effects in kaonic atoms at DAΦNE: The KAMEO proposal

¹ Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, Via E. Fermi 54, I-00044 Frascati(RM), Frascati, Italy
² Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica - Emilio Segrè, Università di Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Edificio 18, Palermo, 90128, Italy
³ Istituto Materiali per l'Elettronica e il Magnetismo, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, Parma, 43124, Italy
⁴ Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria and INFN Sezione di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
⁵ Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
⁶ Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Str. Atomistilor No. 407, P.O. Box MG-6 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
⁷ Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics, Kegelgasse 27, 1030 Wien, Austria
⁸ Physik Department E62, Technische Universiät München, James-Franck-straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
⁹ Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11, Krakow, 30-348, Poland
¹⁰ Center for Theranostics, Jagiellonian University, Kopernika 40, Krakow, 31-501, Poland
¹¹ RIKEN, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako, Tokyo 351-0198, Japan
¹² Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Břehová 7, 115 19 Prague, Czech Republic
¹³ Research Center for Electron Photon Science (ELPH), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
¹⁴ Centro Ricerche Enrico Fermi—Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche “Enrico Fermi”, Via Panisperna 89a, I-00184 Roma, Italy
¹⁵ National Centre for Nuclear Research, 02-093, Pasteura, Warsaw

^* e-mail: Luca.DePaolis@lnf.infn.it

Published online: 16 February 2024

Abstract

KAMEO (Kaonic Atoms Measuring Nuclear Resonance Effects Ob-servables) is a proposal for an experiment aiming to perform the first consistent measurement of the E2 nuclear resonance effects in kaonic molybdenum A=94,96,98,100 isotopes. The E2 nuclear resonance mixes atomic states, due to the electrical quadrupole excitation of nuclear rotational states. It occurs in atoms having the energy of a nuclear excitation state closely matching an atomic de-excitation state energy, and affects the rates of X-ray atomic transitions matching the energy of the resonance. The measurement E2 nuclear resonance effect in KMO isotopes allows the study of the strong kaon-nucleus interaction in a rotational excited nuclear state. Moreover, the effect enables the K^- to access an inner atomic level not easily reachable by the kaon normal cascade, due to the nuclear absorption. The KAMEO proposed apparatus consists of 4 enriched Mo A=94,96,98,100 isotope strips, exposed to the kaons produced by the DAφNE collider, for kaonic atoms formation, with a high-purity germanium detector, cooled with liquid nitrogen, used to measure the X-ray atomic transitions. The DAφNE collider is located at the National Laboratories of Frascati (LNF-INFN), in Italy. It is already suited for kaonic atoms measurement by the SIDDHARTA-2 collaboration.