Study of transfer-like fragments for ¹³⁶Xe+²⁰⁹Bi/¹⁷⁶Yb: Prospect for multinucleon transfer reactions at IGISOL

¹ GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt 64291, Germany
² II. Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Gießen 35392, Germany
³ Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä FI-40014, Finland
⁴ Helmholtz Research Academy Hesse for FAIR (HFHF), GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research, Campus Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany

^* e-mail: de.kumar@gsi.de,dekumar.gsi@gmail.com (Corresponding author)

Published online: 18 October 2024

Abstract

Multinucleon transfer (MNT) reactions have been demonstrated as a promising pathway to produce and study very neutron-rich heavy nuclei, which can enhance our understanding of the nuclear structural features relevant to the r-process. Translead fragments were produced from the MNT reaction approach using ¹³⁶Xe+²⁰⁹Bi at IGISOL utilizing an MNT gas cell. The ²¹¹Bi, ^211mPo, ²¹¹Po, and ^212mPo nuclei have been observed prominently in the α-decay spectrum. The Geant4 simulation, which played a crucial role in optimizing the experimental parameters, reveals broader angular-energy distributions of MNT fragments released from a thick target compared to those observed from the GRAZING and Langevin models for a mono-energetic beam. Comparative yield analyses of MNT fragments for ¹³⁶Xe+²⁰⁹Bi and ¹³⁶Xe+¹⁷⁶Yb reactions estimated using Geant4 Simulation as well as analytical formula support the production of many neutron-rich unknown mass nuclei in the rare-earth region.