Study of the angular distribution of energy of the generated helical electron beam during multi-pulse laser wakefield acceleration

¹ Department of Physics, MM Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India - 133207
² Basic Theory and Simulation Division, Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India - 382428
³ Department of Physics and Environmental Science, Sharda School of Engineering & Science, Sharda University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India - 201310

^* Corresponding Author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
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Published online: 21 January 2026

Abstract

In recent research, researchers have generated the helical electron beam (HEB) by the interaction of an intense circularly polarised laser pulse and near-critical dense plasma (NCD). In this process, a new acceleration process of the trapped plasma electrons has been discovered, known as self-matching resonance acceleration (SMRA). In the SMRA region, the trapping and resonance process of the plasma electrons has been established, but this regime uses a lot of input power then to overcome this power, we have used a multi-pulse right circular polarised (RCP) laser pulse in a uniform NCD for the generation of the SMRA regime. During the comparison study of single RCP laser pulse-generated SMRA with two, four, and six RCP laser pulse-generated SMRA in NCD, we have studied the helical modulation of trapped plasma electrons and the corresponding angular distribution of energy of the generated HEB. For this study, we have adopted a particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation approach.