Investigation of Lead borate glasses doped with Mn²⁺: Comprehensive analysis of radiation shielding properties

¹ Department of Physics, University College of Science Saifabad, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500004, India
² Department of Physics, Hyderabad Institute of Technology and Management, Hyderabad, Telangana, 501401, India
³ Department of Physics, Government Degree College (A), Khairatabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500004, India
⁴ Department of Physics, Vasavi College of Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500031, India
⁵ Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India

^* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Published online: 5 March 2026

Abstract

Lead oxide (PbO) is a crucial component of borate glasses despite its toxicity because its presence significantly enhances their characteristics for specific uses, like radiation shielding and optical devices. The present work deals with the radiation shielding features of the borate glasses containing high density chemicals (PbO & PbCl₂). The glasses with composition xPbCl₂-(30 − x)PbO−69.5B₂O₃−0.5MnO₂ with 5 ≤ x ≤ 25 mol% were prepared using melt quenching method. To obtain the shielding characteristic of samples like MAC, LAC, Z_eff, etc., the well-known and reputable Phy-X/PSD online tool is utilized. The data flattened on the higher energy side (CE and PP) and showed increased MAC and LAC in the lower energy (PE) region. Lower concentrations of PbCl₂ demonstrated better LAC and MAC since sample density diminished as PbCl₂ increased.