Optimization of Super Plastic forming process parameters of Al 6061 alloy reinforced with SiC nano composites by Taguchi method

¹ Research Scholar, Department of Naval Architecture and Offshore Engineering, Vels Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies, Chennai, 600117, Tamil Nadu, India
² Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vels Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies, Chennai, 600 117, Tamil Nadu, India
³ Professor and Principal, School of Engineering and Technology, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, Rajasthan - 302017
⁴ Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, OMR, Chennai - 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
⁵ Associate Professor, Department of Mathematics, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore - 560064, India
⁶ Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, New Horizon College of Engineering, Bangalore - 560103, India
⁷ Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vels Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies, Chennai 600117, Tamil Nadu, India
⁸ Researcher, Faculty of Business and Communication, INTI International University, Malaysia

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Published online: 10 March 2026

Abstract

This study investigates the optimization of superplastic forming in aluminum alloy 6061 reinforced with 100 nm silicon carbide (SiC) nanoparticles, fabricated by use of the ultrasonic cavitation technique. The formed composite was subjected to superplastic forming tests, achieving a maximum dome height of 21 mm. Key parameters, including pressure 2 MPa, 4 Mpa and 6 Mpa, temperature (560°C, 580°C and 600°C), and time 15, 30, and 45 minutes, were systematically varied. To identify the optimal process parameters, a Taguchi L9 experimental design was employed, facilitating a comprehensive examination of these factors' effects on the forming performance. The findings provide valuable insights for enhancing the superplastic forming process in aluminum-SiC composite materials.