Hybrid Quantum Classical AI System to Detect High-accuracy Leaf Disease Recognition and Oesophageal Cancer Diagnosis

¹ *Head of the department, Department of Information Technology, Muthayammal Polytechnic College, Rasipuram, India. This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
² Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Paavai Engineering College, Namakkal, India. This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
³ Head of the Department, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Muthayammal Polytechnic College, Rasipuram, India. This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
⁴ Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Knowledge Institute of Technology, Kakkapalayam, India. This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
⁵ Associate Professor, Department of Information Technology, Paavai Engineering College, Namakkal, India. This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

^* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Published online: 23 March 2026

Abstract

Medical and agricultural sector needs to make timely and accurate diagnosis of the disease in order to sustain crops and keep patients alive. Although conventional deep learning models can be also applicable to provide good performance, they are also typified with high-computational and scaling along with high-dimensionality agricultural and medical images. In a bid to overcome these challenges, the current paper proposes a Hybrid Quantum -Classical Artificial Intelligence (HQCAI) system that should be used in dual-domain image classification, namely, plant leaf disease classification and oesophageal cancer classification. The proposed architecture implements a conventional Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to obtain spatial features of high quality and quantum-enhanced classifiers to optimize the decision boundaries relying on quantum superposition and parallelism with Variational Quantum Circuits (VQCs) and Quantum Support Vector Machines (QSVMs). It presents a common knowledge representation layer in order to help in the effective storage of characteristics, cross-domain learning and intelligent inference between heterogeneous data sets. Experiments are carried out with the help of the data collection. The proposed hybrid model gives a better classification rate of 98.42, with precision of 98.11, recall of 97.94 and F1-score of 98.02 compared to CNN and CNN-SVM models in the state of the art. Convergence and performance of the system is also better when noises are present. The results support the practical role of quantum-enhanced visual classification and describe the prospects of hybrid quantum classical intelligence of the agricultural diagnostics and medical diagnostics systems in the future.