Smart Management of Solar Energy Peer-to-Peer Sharing for Standalone Systems

¹ Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Optics, Information Processing, Mechanics, Energetics, and Electronics Laboratory, Faculty of Science Moulay Ismail University, Morocco
² Ibn Tofail University of Kénitra, Laboratory of Electrical Engineering & Energy Systems, Faculty of Science Ibn Tofail University, Morocco

Published online: 24 June 2026

Abstract

Standalone photovoltaic microgrids are widely deployed in remote areas to provide decentralized electricity supply. However, the independent operation of household-scale photovoltaic systems often leads to inefficient energy utilization due to surplus energy curtailment and unequal battery state-of-charge (SOC) levels among neighboring users. This paper investigates a peer-to-peer energy sharing and mutualization strategy for standalone photovoltaic microgrids. An experimental approach based on a low-cost embedded controller supervising a relay-based switching matrix, ensuring fully autonomous operation, is detailed and validated by numerical simulations. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in SOC balancing, a reduction in photovoltaic energy curtailment, and enhanced power supply continuity. The proposed solution stands out for its scalability, low cost, and suitability for rural electrification applications.