Compact and Flexible Two-Port MIMO Antenna for UWB Wearable Applications

¹ Intelligent Systems Design Laboratory, FS, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, 93002 Tetouan, Morocco.
² STIC Laboratory, FS,Chouaib Doukkali University, 24000, El Jadida, Morocco

^* Abderahman Tribak: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Published online: 3 August 2026

Abstract

This paper is about a kind of antenna called a two-port MIMO antenna. It is designed for devices that people wear, like fitness trackers or smartwatches and it works well for communication over a wide range of frequencies from 3.5 to 11 GHz. The two-port MIMO antenna is small and flexible which makes it perfect for devices. It also works well electrically which means it can send and receive signals clearly. The two-port MIMO antenna has something called an envelope correlation coefficient or ECC which's very low, below 0.002. This means that the antenna is very good at sending and receiving signals and it does not get mixed up. The diversity gain of the two-port MIMO antenna is 10 dB, which is very good and means that it can send signals reliably even when there are a lot of obstacles around. The two-port MIMO antenna also has good isolation, which is better than −16 dB. This means that the signals sent by one part of the antenna do not interfere with the signals sent by the part. The total active reflection coefficient or TARC of the two-port MIMO antenna is below −10 dB and the reflection coefficient or S11 is also below −10 dB. This means that the antenna is very good at sending and receiving signals without losing any of the signal. The two-port MIMO antenna is very small 40 × 26 mm² but it works very well and is also flexible. This makes it perfect for devices that people wear. The channel capacity loss or CCL of the two-port MIMO antenna is below 0.4 bps/Hz, which means that it can send and receive signals quickly and reliably. This makes the two-port MIMO antenna perfect, for performance wearable devices.