| Issue |
EPJ Web Conf.
Volume 380, 2026
International Conference on Information Systems and Communication Technologies (ICISCT’25)
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Article Number | 01025 | |
| Number of page(s) | 8 | |
| Section | Microwave Components and 5G/6G Communication Systems | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202638001025 | |
| Published online | 03 August 2026 | |
https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202638001025
A new approach for estimating the complex permittivity of powdered dielectrics using a rectangular waveguide in the X-band
1 INPT, Rabat, Morocco
2 CRMEF CS, Casablanca, Morocco
3 Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
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Published online: 3 August 2026
Abstract
This paper introduces a new method for estimating the complex permittivity of powdered dielectric materials using a rectangular waveguide. The measurement configuration is based on a multilayer structure in which the powder sample is enclosed between two resin plugs of known complex permittivity. The electromagnetic response of the system is modeled analytically by solving the direct problem under TE10 mode propagation and calculating the reflection coefficient S11. To determine the unknown permittivity of the powder, an inverse problem is solved using the Nelder-Mead optimization algorithm implemented via the fmin function in Python. The approach iteratively minimizes the difference between calculated and measured S11 parameter in the X-band frequency range. Intermediate validation steps with air and resin-only configurations confirm the accuracy of the model. The proposed method provides an accurate and efficient technique for characterizing granular dielectric materials.
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2026
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