On The Effect Of The Shape Of Buildings And Chimneystacks On Ventilation And Pollutant Dispersion

DICAAR – Dip. Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale e Architettura, University of Cagliari, via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy

^* Corresponding author: ferraris@unica.it

Published online: 28 June 2019

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to investigate the modifications induced by the change of the roof shape in the flow field, inside and above the buildings, with an attention to their capability to modify the air quality and the dispersion of pollutants released from chimneystacks. We have carried out laboratory experiments on arrays of identical buildings, with symmetrical dual-pitched or flat roofs, and chimneystacks of different heights and positions. The experiments have been carried out in a close-loop water-channel, where two non-intrusive and quasi-continuous in space Digital Image Analysis technique have been implied to measure the velocity fields (Feature Tracking Velocimetry) and the concentration fields (Laser Induced Visualization). Results have highlight the meaningful role of gabled roofs in modifying turbulence, which increases the air exchange rate between the street canyon and the outer flow, but, in some conditions, they increase the dragging of pollutant inside the canyon. These results can have an immediate practical impact on the building design and on planning strategies, as the roof shape can be a useful tool to enhance natural ventilation and pollutant, humidity and/or heat dispersion, i.e. the air quality in urban and industrial areas.