Synthesis of Mo-doped SnO₂ nanopowders by chemical co precipitation method

¹ Electronic Systems, Mechanical and Energy Information Processing Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences University Ibn Tofail Kenitra, Morocco
² Materials science unit (USM/DERS), National Center for Energy, Sciences and Nuclear Techniques, CNESTEN- Rabat, Morocco.
³ Hassan First University of Settat, High Institute of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Sciences and Health Technologies, BP 555, 26000, Settat, Morocco

Published online: 3 February 2026

Abstract

In this work, Sn_1-xMo_xO₂ (x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04) nanoparticles powders were produced successfully at room temperature using the co-precipitation method. These types of nanoparticles are widely used as a dopant for photo anodes due to its thermal stability and unique electronic configuration, it exhibits different oxidation states. The structural and optical characterization of the nano-powders were investigated by DRX, FTIR, and UV-Visible spectroscopy techniques. The DRX measurements showed that all samples had a tetragonal rutile structure of polycrystalline SnO₂ and the (110) preferential orientation of the undoped sample remains with 1%, 2% and 4% Mo doped SnO₂ samples. Also, the grain size and the micro-deformation are calculated by Williamson-Hall and Debye-Scherrer formulas, the grain size is approximately between 8nm and 10nm. The presence of a band at 632 cm^-1 in the FTIR spectrum confirms the existence of the O-Sn-O bond.