Design and deployment of a comprehensive vehicle security system with automatic headlight control

¹ Department of Automobile Engineering, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu, India – 602117.
² Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Pennalur, Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu, India – 602117.

^* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Published online: 29 April 2026

Abstract

Security is a crucial aspect of the automotive industry, as it is essential for protecting vehicles and earning user trust. The proposed work highlights the development of an overall vehicle security system that includes automatic headlight control, password security, and DC motor control with the help of an Arduino microcontroller. The proposed system uses a Light Dependent Resistor for controlling the automatic adjustment of the headlights according to the light conditions of the environment, thereby ensuring maximum visibility and avoiding glare for other road users. In addition, a keypad interface is used for implementing password security for accessing the ignition system to avoid misuse. After successful entry, the system activates a DC motor and the fuel supply to facilitate the execution of the necessary operations of the vehicle. Driver information related to potential hazards is being sensed by the ultrasonic sensor, which significantly enhances vehicular safety by accurately measuring the proximity of surrounding objects. A rapid response ranging from 0.5 to 1 second has been achieved during prototype evaluations of the system, and it has a reliability rate of 98%, underscoring its efficacy in dynamic, real- time scenarios. This integrative approach enhances a comprehensive solution to contemporary automotive safety challenges by incorporating various modern safety technologies. The present system is designed to be efficient in both current automotive security standards and adapting recent technologies in the automotive industry.