Four-dimensional Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging Biosensor for Biomolecular Bindings and Infectious Diseases Neutralizing Antibodies Detection

Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taiwan (R.O.C.)

^* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Published online: 22 September 2025

Abstract

We present a four-dimensional (4D) Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Imaging biosensor for real-time, array based high-through biomolecular bindings detection. The sensor measures the sensitive phase change induced spectral colour variation at plasmonic resonance with imaging device. It captures two-dimensional biomolecular bindings signal in the time-domain with spectral colour space information (4D imaging data), while no complex phase extraction is required. In the experiment, measurements for refractive index (RI) samples in 1.3330-1.3455 RIU were performed and the sensor RI resolution was found to be 7.2 x 10^-6 RIU. The sensor was further demonstrated for antibodies molecular bindings detection in a 5 x 5 array format and 25 biomolecular binding interactions were monitored in real-time. In on-going works, we apply the imaging biosensor for Monkeypox virus neutralizing antibodies detection, which can contribute to Monkeypox virus vaccination development.